The thickness of metallic sheet is reduced from an initial value of $$16mm$$ to a final value of $$10mm$$ in one single pass rolling with a pair of cylindrical rollers each of diameter of $$400mm.$$ The bite angle in degrees will be

In open die forging, a disc of diameter $$200mm$$ height $$60mm$$ is compressed without any barreling effect. The final diameter of the disc is $$400mm.$$ The true strain is

A $$4$$ $$mm$$ thick sheet is rolled with $$300$$ $$mm$$ diameter rolls to reduce thickness without any change in its width. The friction coefficient at the work-roll interface is $$0.1.$$ The minimum possible thickness of the sheet that can be produced in a single pass is

In a wire drawing operation, diameter of a steel wire is reduced from $$10$$ $$mm$$ to $$8$$ $$mm.$$ the mean flow stress of the material is $$400$$ $$MPa.$$ The ideal force required for drawing ignoring friction and redundant work is: