A brass billet is to be excluded from its initial diameter of $$100mm$$ to a final diameter of $$50mm$$. The working temperature is $${700^ \circ }C$$ and the extrusion constant is $$250$$ $$MPa.$$ The force required for extrusion is

A strip with sectional area $$150mm\,\, \times \,\,4.5mm$$ is being rolled with $$20\% $$ reduction of area using $$450mm$$ diameter rollers. The angle subtended by the deformation zone at the roll center is (in radians)

A wire of $$0.1mm$$ diameter is drawn from a rod of $$15mm$$ diameter dies giving reductions of $$20\% $$, $$40\% $$ and $$80\% $$ are available. For minimum error in the final size, the number of stages and reduction at each stage respectively would be