A steel ball of $$10$$ $$mm$$ diameter at $$1000$$ $$K$$ is required to be cooled to $$350$$ $$K$$ by immersing it in a water environment at $$300$$ $$K.$$ The convective heat transfer coefficient is $$1000\,\,W/{m^2}$$-$$K.$$ Thermal conductivity of steel is $$40$$ $$W/m$$-$$K.$$ The time constant for the cooling process $$\tau $$ is $$16s.$$ The time required (in $$s$$) to reach the final temperature is __________________.

A steel ball of diameter $$60$$ $$mm$$ is initially in thermal equilibrium at $${1030^ \circ }C$$ in a furnace. It is suddenly removed from the furnace and cooled in ambient air at $${30^ \circ }C$$ with convective heat transfer coefficient $$h = 20\,W/{m^2}K.$$ The thermo-physical properties of steel are: density $$\rho = 7800\,\,kg/{m^3},$$ , conductivity $$k = 40 W/mK$$ and specific heat $$c = 600 J/kgK.$$ The time required in seconds to cool the steel ball in air from $${1030^ \circ }C$$ to $${430^ \circ }C$$ is

A spherical steel ball of $$12mm$$ diameter is initially at $$100K.$$ It is slowly cooled in a surrounding of $$300K.$$ The heat transfer coefficient between the steel ball and the surrounding is $$5W/{m^2}K.$$ The thermal conductivity of steel is $$20$$ $$W/mK.$$ The temperature difference between the centre and the surface of steel ball is

A fin has $$5mm$$ diameter and $$100mm$$ length. The thermal conductivity of fin material is $$400W/m K.$$ One end of the fin is maintained at $${130^ \circ }C$$ and its remaining surface is exposed to ambient air at $${30^ \circ }C.$$ if the convective heat transfer coefficient is $$40W/{m^2}K,$$ the heat loss (in $$W$$) from the fin is