If x = a + b, y = a$$\gamma $$ + b$$\beta $$ and z = a$$\beta $$ +b$$\gamma $$ where $$\gamma $$ and $$\beta $$ are the complex cube roots of unity, show that xyz = $${a^3} + {b^3}$$.

Express $${1 \over {1 - \cos \,\theta + 2i\sin \theta }}$$ in the form x + iy.

If $$\tan \alpha = {m \over {m + 1}}\,$$ and $$\tan \beta = {2 \over {2m + 1}},$$ find the possible values of $$\left( {\alpha + \beta } \right).$$

If $$\left( {m\,,\,n} \right) = {{\left( {1 - {x^m}} \right)\left( {1 - {x^{m - 1}}} \right).......\left( {1 - {x^{m - n + 1}}} \right)} \over {\left( {1 - x} \right)\left( {1 - {x^2}} \right).........\left( {1 - {x^n}} \right)}}$$

where $$m$$ and $$n$$ are positive integers $$\left( {n \le m} \right),$$ show that
$$\left( {m,n + 1} \right) = \left( {m - 1,\,n + 1} \right) + {x^{m - n - 1}}\left( {m - 1,n} \right).$$