In an N bit flash ADC, the analog voltage is fed simultaneously to 2^N− 1 comparators. The output of the comparators is then encoded to a binary format using digital circuits. Assume that the analog voltage source V_in(whose output is being converted to digital format) has a source resistance of 75 Ω as shown in the circuit diagram below and the input capacitance of each comparator is 8 pF. The input must settle to an accuracy of 1/2 LSB even for a full scale input change for properconversion. Assume that the time taken by the thermometer to binary encoder is negligible. If the flash ADC has 8 bit resolution, which one of the following alternatives is closest to the maximum sampling rate?

A 4:1 multiplexer is to be used for generating the output carry of a full adder. A and B are the bits to be added while 𝐶in is the input carry and 𝐶out is the output carry. A and B are to be used as the select bits with A being the more significant select bit. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the choice of signals to be connected to the inputs $${I_0}$$, $${I_1}$$, $${I_2 }$$ and $${I_3}$$ so that the output is C$$_{out}$$?

Let the electric field vector of a plane electromagnetic wave propagating in a homogenous medium be expressed as $$E = \widehat x{E_x}\,{e^{ - j\left( {wt - \beta z} \right)}},$$ , where the propagation constant $$\beta $$ is a function of the angular frequency $$\omega $$. Assume that $$\beta \left( \omega \right)$$ and $${E_x}$$ are known and are real. From the information available, which one of the following CANNOT be determined?

A microwave circuit consisting of lossless transmission lines $$T_1$$ and $$T_2$$ is shown in the figure. The plot shows the magnitude of the input reflection coefficient $$\Gamma $$ as a function of frequency f. The phase velocity of the signal in the transmission lines is $$2\, \times \,{10^8}$$ m/s