The outside diameter of a hollow shaft is twice its inside diameter. The ratio of its torque carrying capacity to that of a solid shaft of the same material and the same outside diameter is

A large uniform plate containing a rivet hole is subjected to uniform uniaxial tension of $$95$$ $$MPa.$$ The maximum stress in the plate is

Strength to weight ratio for a circuit shaft transmitting power is directly proportional to the

In the design of shafts made of ductile materials subjected to twisting moment and bending moment, the recommended theory of failure is