A cycle device operates between three thermal reservoirs, as shown in the figure. Heat is transferred to/from the cyclic device. It is assumed that heat transfer between each thermal reservoir and the cyclic device takes place across negligible temperature difference. Interactions between the cyclic device and the respective thermal reservoirs that are shown in the figure are all in the form of heat transfer.

The cyclic device can be

A vapor absorption refrigeration system is a heat pump with three thermal reservoirs as shown in the figure. A refrigeration effect of $$100$$ $$W$$ is required at $$250$$ $$K$$ when the heat source available is at $$400$$ $$K.$$ Heat rejection occurs at $$300$$ $$K.$$ The minimum value of heat required (in $$W$$) is

Nitrogen gas (molecular weight $$28$$) is enclosed in a cylinder by a piston, at the initial condition of $$2$$ bar, $$298$$ $$K$$ and $$1\,\,{m^3}$$. In a particular process, the gas slowly expands under isothermal condition, until the volume becomes $$2{m^3}.$$ Heat exchange occurs with the atmosphere at $$298$$ $$K$$ during this process.

The entropy change for the system during the process in $$kJ/K$$ is

Nitrogen gas (molecular weight $$28$$) is enclosed in a cylinder by a piston, at the initial condition of $$2$$ bar, $$298$$ $$K$$ and $$1\,\,{m^3}$$. In a particular process, the gas slowly expands under isothermal condition, until the volume becomes $$2{m^3}.$$ Heat exchange occurs with the atmosphere at $$298$$ $$K$$ during this process.

The work interaction for the Nitrogen gas is