A capacitive voltage divider is used to measure the bus voltage V_bus in a high-voltage 50Hz AC system as shown in the figure. The measurement capacitors C₁ and C₂ have tolerances of $$ \pm $$10% on their nominal capacitance values. If the bus voltage V_bus is 100 kV rms, the maximum rms output voltage V_out (in kV), considering the capacitor tolerances, is __________.

Fringing in capacitive type transducer can be minimized by providing a _________

A precise measurement guarantees accuracy of the measured quantity.

A metal strain gauge has gauge factor of two, it's nominal resistance is $$120$$ Ohms. It is undergoes a strain of $${10^{ - 5}},$$ the value of change of resistance in response to the strain is