The number of comparators in 4-bit flash ADC is

For the 4 bit DAC shown in Figure, the output voltage $${V_0}$$ is

A TEM wave is incident normally upon a perfect conductor. The E and H fields at the boundary will be respectively

The magnitudes of the open-circuit and short-circuit input impedances of a transmission line are 100$$\Omega \,$$ and 25$$\Omega \,$$ respectively. The characteristic impedance of the line is