Assuming perfect conductors of a transmission line, pure TEM propagation is NOT possible in

In a twin-wire transmission line in air, the adjacent voltage maxima are at 12.5 cm and 27.5. The operating frequency is

In air, a lossless transmission line of length 50 cm with $$L = 10\,\mu H/m,\,\,C = 40\,\,pF/m$$ is operated at 25 MHz. Its electrical path length is

A plane wave in free space with
$$\overrightarrow E = \left( {\sqrt \pi } \right)\left( {10.0\,\widehat x + 11.8\,\widehat y} \right)\exp \left[ {j\left( {4\pi \times {{10}^8}\,t - k\,z} \right)} \right]$$
where $$\widehat x$$ and $$\widehat y$$ are unit vectors in the $$x$$- and $$y$$-directions respectively is incident normally on a semi-infinite block of ice as shown in Fig. For ice, $$\mu = {\mu _0},\,\,\,\sigma = 0$$ and $$\varepsilon = 9{\varepsilon _0}\left( {1 - j0.001} \right)$$.

(a) Calculate the average power density associated with the incident wave.

(b) Calculate the skin depth in ice.

(c) Estimate the average power density at a distance of 5 times the skins depth in the ice block, measured from the interface.