A 2-port network is shown in figure. The parameter $${h_{21}}$$ for this network can be given by

A modulated signal is given by s(t)= $${e^{ - at}}$$ cos $$\left[ {({\omega _c} + \Delta \omega )t} \right]$$ u (t), where a, $${\omega _c}$$ and $${\Delta \omega }$$ are positive constants, and $${\omega _c}$$ >>$${\Delta \omega }$$. The complex envelope of s(t) is given by

A signal x(t) has a Fourier transform X ($$\omega $$). If x(t) is a real and odd function of t, then X($$\omega $$) is

$$If\,\,L\left[ {f\left( t \right)} \right]\, = \,F\left( s \right),$$ then $$L\left[ {f\left( {t - T} \right)} \right]$$ is equal to