A modulated signal is given by, $$s\left(t\right)=m_1\left(t\right)\cos\left(2{\mathrm{πf}}_\mathrm c\mathrm t\right)\;+m_2\left(t\right)\sin\left(2{\mathrm{πf}}_\mathrm c\mathrm t\right)$$, where the baseband signal m₁(t) and m₂(t) have bandwidths of 10 kHz and 15 kHz, respectively. The bandwidth of the modulated signal, in kHz, is

The phase margin (in degrees) of a system having the loop transfer function is $$G(s)H(s) = {{2\sqrt 3 } \over {s(s + 1)}}$$

Consider the points s₁ = −3 + j4 and s₂ = −3 − j2 in the s-plane. Then, for a system with the open loop transfer function $$$G\left(s\right)H\left(s\right)=\frac K{\left(s+1\right)^4}$$$

For a second-order system with the closed-loop transfer function $$$T\left(s\right)=\frac9{s^2+4s+9}$$$ the settling time for 2% band in seconds is