Let $$X$$ be the number of distinct $$16$$-bit integers in $$2’s$$ complement representation. Let $$Y$$ be the number of distinct $$16$$-bit integers in sign magnitude representation.
Then $$X −Y$$ is ____________.

Consider an eight-bit ripple-carry adder for computing the sum of $$A$$ and $$B,$$ where $$A$$ and $$B$$ are integers represented in $$2’s$$ complement form. If the decimal value of $$A$$ is one, the decimal value of $$B$$ that leads to the longest latency for the sum to stabilize is __________ .

The base (or radix) of the number system such that the following equation holds is __________
$${{312} \over {20}} = 13.1$$

Consider the equation $${\left( {123} \right)_5} = {\left( {x8} \right)_y}$$ with $$x$$ and $$y$$ as unknown. The number of possible solutions is _________.