Consider a lossy transmission line with V₁ and V₂ as the sending and receiving end voltages, respectively. Z and X are the series impedance and reactance of the line, respectively. The steady-state stability limit for the transmission line will be

Shunt reactors are sometimes used in high voltage transmission systems to

The angle $$\delta $$ in the swing equation of a synchronous generator is the

A round rotor generator with internal voltage $${E_1} = 2.0\,\,$$ p.u.and $$\,X = 1.1\,\,$$ p.u. is connected to a round rotor synchronous motor with internal voltage $$\,\,{E_2} = 1.3\,\,$$ p.u. and $$\,X = 1.2\,\,$$ p.u. The reactance of the line connecting the generator to the motor is $$0.5$$ p.u. when the generator supplies $$0.5$$ p.u. power, the rotor angle difference between the machines will be