A full scale sinusoidal signal is applied to a 10-bit ADC. The fundamental signal component in the ADC output has a normalized power of 1 W, and the total noise and distortion normalized power is 10 $\mu$W. The effective number of bits (rounded off to the nearest integer) of the ADC is _______.

Consider a lossless transmission line terminated with a short circuit as shown in the figure below. As one moves towards the generator from the load, the normalized impedances $Z_{inA}$, $Z_{inB}$, $Z_{inC}$, and $Z_{inD}$ (indicated in the figure) are ______.

Let $\hat{i}$ and $\hat{j}$ be the unit vectors along $x$ and $y$ axes, respectively and let $A$ be a positive constant. Which one of the following statements is true for the vector fields $\vec{F}_1 = A(\hat{i}y + \hat{j}x)$ and $\vec{F}_2 = A(\hat{i}y − \hat{j}x)$?