A satellite attitude control system, as shown below, has a plant with transfer function $G(s) = \frac{1}{s^2}$ cascaded with a compensator $C(s) = \frac{K(s +\alpha)}{s + 4}$, where $K$ and $\alpha$ are positive real constants.

In order for the closed-loop system to have poles at $-1 \pm j \sqrt{3}$, the value of $\alpha$ must be ______.

Consider a system $S$ represented in state space as

$$\frac{dx}{dt} = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -2 \\ 1 & -3 \end{bmatrix}x + \begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix}r , \quad y = \begin{bmatrix} 2 & -5 \end{bmatrix}x.$$

Which of the state space representations given below has/have the same transfer function as that of $S$?

For the Boolean function

$F(A, B, C, D) = \sum m(0,2,5,7,8,10,12,13,14,15)$,

the essential prime implicants are _________.

A machine has a 32-bit architecture with 1-word long instructions. It has 24 registers and supports an instruction set of size 40. Each instruction has five distinct fields, namely opcode, two source register identifiers, one destination register identifier, and an immediate value. Assuming that the immediate operand is an unsigned integer, its maximum value is __________.