As shown in the circuit, the initial voltage across the capacitor is 10 V, with the switch being open. The switch is then closed at $t = 0$. The total energy dissipated in the ideal Zener diode $(V_Z = 5 ext{ V})$ after the switch is closed (in mJ, rounded off to three decimal places) is _________.

The opamps in the circuit shown are ideal, but have saturation voltages of ±10 V.

Assume that the initial inductor current is 0 A. The input voltage (Vi) is a triangular signal with peak voltages of ±2 V and time period of 8 μs. Which one of the following statements is true?

In the circuit below, the opamp is ideal.

If the circuit is to show sustained oscillations, the respective values of $R_1$ and the corresponding frequency of oscillation are ____.

In the circuit shown below, the transistors $M_1$ and $M_2$ are biased in saturation. Their small signal transconductances are $g_{m1}$ and $g_{m2}$ respectively. Neglect body effect, channel length modulation and intrinsic device capacitances.

Assuming that capacitor $C_i$ is a short circuit for AC analysis, the exact magnitude of small signal voltage gain $\left| \frac{v_{out}}{v_{in}} \right|$ is ______.