A phase - controlled half - controlled single - phase converter is shown in figure. The control angle $$\alpha = {30^ \circ }$$

The output $$dc$$ voltage wave shape will be as shown in

A fully controlled natural commuted $$3$$-phase bridge rectifier is operating with a firing angle $$\alpha = {30^0}.$$ The peak to peak voltage ripple expressed as a ratio of the peak output $$dc$$ voltage at the output of the converter bridge is

Figure shows a $$MOSFET$$ with an integral body diode. It is employed as a power switching device in the ON and OFF states through appropriate control. The ON and OFF states of the switch are given on the $${V_{DS}} - {{\rm I}_s}$$ plane by

Figure shows a thyristor with the standard terminations of anode $$(A),$$ cathode $$(K),$$ gate $$(G)$$ and the different junctions named $$J1, J2,$$ and $$J3$$. When the thyristor is turned on and conducting