An inverter has a periodic output voltage with the output waveform as shown in figure

When the conduction angle $$\alpha = {120^0},$$ the $$rms$$ fundamental component of the output voltage is

Figure shows a thyristor with the standard terminations of anode $$(A),$$ cathode $$(K),$$ gate $$(G)$$ and the different junctions named $$J1, J2,$$ and $$J3$$. When the thyristor is turned on and conducting

A phase - controlled half - controlled single - phase converter is shown in figure. The control angle $$\alpha = {30^ \circ }$$

The output $$dc$$ voltage wave shape will be as shown in

Figure shows a $$MOSFET$$ with an integral body diode. It is employed as a power switching device in the ON and OFF states through appropriate control. The ON and OFF states of the switch are given on the $${V_{DS}} - {{\rm I}_s}$$ plane by