A parallel plate capacitor has an electrode area of $$100$$ $$m{m^2}$$, with a spacing of $$0.1$$ $$mm$$ between the electrodes. The dielectric between the plates is air with a permittivity of $$8.85 \times {10^{ - 12}}\,\,F/m.$$ The charge on the capacitor is $$100$$ $$V$$. The stored energy in the capacitor is

A composite parallel plate capacitor is made up of two different dielectric materials with different thickness ($${t_1}$$ and $${t_2}$$) as shown in Fig. The two different dielectric materials are separated by a conducting foil $$F.$$ The voltage of the conducting foil is

A chopper is employed to charge a battery as shown in figure. The charging current is $$5A$$. The duty ratio is $$0.2.$$ The chopper output voltage is also shown in figure. The peak to peak ripple current in the charging current is

An inverter has a periodic output voltage with the output waveform as shown in figure

When the conduction angle $$\alpha = {120^0},$$ the $$rms$$ fundamental component of the output voltage is