The bus impedance matrix of a $$4$$-bus power system is given by $$${Z_{bus}} = \left[ {\matrix{ {j0.3435} & {j0.2860} & {j0.2723} & {j0.277} \cr {j0.2860} & {j0.3408} & {j0.2586} & {j0.2414} \cr {j0.2723} & {j0.2586} & {j0.2791} & {j0.2209} \cr {j0.2277} & {j0.2414} & {j0.2209} & {j0.2791} \cr } } \right]$$$

A branch having an impedance of $$j0.2\Omega $$ is connected between bus $$2$$ and the reference. Then the values of $${Z_{22,new}}$$ and $${Z_{23,new}}$$ of the bus impedance matrix of the modified network are respectively

A three-phase alternator generating unbalanced voltages is connected to an unbalanced load through a 3-phase transmission line as shown in figure. The neutral of the alternator and the star point of the load are solidly grounded. The phase voltages of the alternator are
$${E_a} = 10\angle {0^ \circ }V,\,\,\,{E_b} = 10\angle - {90^ \circ }V,\,\,{E_c} = 10\angle {120^ \circ }\,\,V.\,\,\,\,$$ The positive sequence component of the load current is

Choose two appropriate auxiliary components of a HVDC transmission system from the following
$$1.$$ D.C. line inductor
$$2.$$ A.C. line inductor
$$3.$$ Reactive power sources
$$4.$$ Distance relays on D.C. line
$$5.$$ Series capacitance of A.C. line

The interrupting time of a circuit breaker is the period between the instant of