A 16 Kb (=16,384 bit) memory array is designed as a square with an aspect ratio of one (number of rows is equal to the number of columns). The minimum number of address lines needed for the row decoder is _______.

The Boolean expression F(X, Y, Z)= $$\overline X Y\overline Z + X\overline {Y\,} \overline Z + XY\overline Z + XYZ$$ converted into the canonical product of sum (POS)from is

All the logic gates shown in the figure have a propagation delay of 20 ns. Let A = C = 0 and B = 1 until time t = 0. At t = 0, all the inputs flip (i.e., A = C = 1 and B = 0) and remain in that state. For t > 0, output Z = 1 for a duration (in ns) of ______________.

A 3-input majority gate is defined by the logic function M (a,b,c) = ab+bc+ca. Which one of the following gates is represented by the function M$$\left( {\overline {M\left( {a,b,c} \right),} M\left( {a,b,\overline c } \right),c} \right)?$$