In the circuit of Fig., assume that the diodes are ideal and the meter is an average indicating ammeter. The ammeter will read

The voltage V_C1, V_C2 and V_C3 across the capacitors in the circuit in Fig., under steady state, are respectively

Refer to the circuit shown in Fig. Choosing the voltage v_C(t) across capacitor, and the current i_L(t) through the inductor as state variable,i.e., $$$\left[\mathrm x\left(\mathrm t\right)\right]\;=\;\begin{bmatrix}{\mathrm v}_\mathrm C\left(\mathrm t\right)\\{\mathrm i}_\mathrm L\left(\mathrm t\right)\end{bmatrix}$$$ Write the state equation in the form $$\frac{\operatorname d\left[x\left(t\right)\right]}{\operatorname dt}\;=\;\left[A\right]\left[x\left(t\right)\right]\;+\;\left[B\right]\left[u\left(t\right)\right]$$ and find [A], [B] and [u(t)].

The number of independent loops for a network with n nodes and b branches is