TCP client P successfully establishes a connection to TCP server Q. Let $N_P$ denote the sequence number in the SYN sent from P to Q. Let $N_Q$ denote the acknowledgement number in the SYN ACK from Q to P. Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?
Suppose two hosts are connected by a point-to-point link and they are configured to use Stop-end-Wait protocol for reliable data transfer. Identify in which one of the following scenarios, the utilization of the link is the lowest.
Consider a 100 Mbps link between an earth station (sender) and a satellite (receiver) at an altitude of 2100 km. The signal propagates at a speed of 3 $$\times$$ 108 m/s. The time taken (in milliseconds, rounded off to two decimal places) for the receiver to completely receive a packet of 1000 bytes transmitted by the sender is _____________.
Consider the data transfer using TCP over a 1 Gbps link. Assuming that the maximum segment lifetime (MSL) is set to 60 seconds, the minimum number of bits required for the sequence number field of the TCP header, to prevent the sequence number space from wrapping around during the MSL is ___________.