The open-loop DC gain of a unity negative feedback system with closed-loop transfer function $${{s + 4} \over {{s^2} + 7s + 13}}$$ is

For the feedback control system shown in the figure, the process transfer function is G_p(s) = $${1 \over {s(s + 1)}},$$ and the amplification factor of the Power amplifier is K$$ \ge $$0. The design specifications required for the system, time constant is 1 sec and a damping ratio of 0.707.
(a) Find the desired location of the closed loop poles.
(b) Write down the requiredcharacteristic equation for the system. Hense determine the PD controller transfer function G_p(s) when K = 1.
(c) Sketch the root-locus for the system.

The 2’s complement representation of –17 is

For the ring oscillator shown in the figure, the propagation delay of each inverter is 100 pico sec. What is the fundamental frequency of the oscillator output?