In the case of ground wave propagation, at far-off distances from the transmitting tower antenna, the Poynting vector is

The electric field strength at a far-off point P due to a point charge + q, located at the origin O is 100 millivolts/metre. The point charge is now enclosed by a perfectly conducting hollow metal sphere with its centre at the origin O. The electric field strength at the point, P,

A 50 ohm lossless transmission line has a pure reactance of (j100) ohms as its load. The VSWR in the line is :

The skin - depth of copper at a frequency of $$3 GHz$$ is $$1$$ micron ($${{{10}^{ - 6}}}$$ metre). At $$12 GHz$$, for a non - magnetic conductor whose conductivity is $$1/9$$ times that of copper, the skin $$-$$ depth would be