An Op-Amp has an offset voltage of 1mV and is ideal in all other respects. If this OP-Amp is used in the circuit shown in fig. The O/P voltage will be (Select the nearest value).

Source encoding in a data communication system is done in order to

The bit stream 01001 is differentially encoded using 'Delay and Ex OR' scheme for DPSK transmission. Assuming the reference bit as a '1' and assigning phases of '0' and '$$\,\pi $$' for 1's and 0's respectively, in the encoded sequence, the transmitted phase sequence becomes

Coherent demodulation of FSK signal can be effected using