Algae increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the immediate environment.

Algin is obtained from red algae, and carrageenan from brown algae.

Agar-agar is obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria.

Laminaria and Sargassum are used as food.

birds

water

wind

insects.

Sequoia is one of the tallest trees.

The leaves of gymnosperms are not well adapted to extremes of climate.

Gymnosperms are both homosporous and heteroporous.

Salvinia, Ginkgo and Pinus all are gymnosperms.

Haploid endosperm is typical feature of Gymnosperms.

Brown algae have chlorophyll $$a$$ and $$c$$ and fucoxanthin.

Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms.

Mucor has biflagellate zoospores.