Excretory Products and Their Elimination · Biology · NEET

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MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

1

Given below are two statements:

Statements I: Concentrated urine is formed due to counter current mechanism in nephron.

Statement II: Counter current mechanism helps to maintain osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitium.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

NEET 2024 (Re-Examination)
2

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : In the nephron, the descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water and permeable to electrolytes.

Statement II : The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by simple columnar brush border epithelium and increases the surface area for reabsorption.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the option given below :

NEET 2024
3

Choose the correct statement given below regarding juxta medullary nephron.

NEET 2024
4

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R)

Assertion (A) : Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water and allows transport of electrolytes actively or passively.

Reason (R) : Dilution of filtrate takes place due to efflux of electrolytes in the medullary fluid.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

NEET 2023 Manipur
5

Given below are two statements :

Statement I :- Goblet cells are unicellular glands.

Statement II :- Earwax is the secretion of exocrine gland.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

NEET 2023 Manipur
6

Arrange the events of Renin - Angiotensin mechanism in correct sequence.

(A) Activation of JG cells and release of renin.

(B) Angiotensin II activates release of aldosterone.

(C) Fall in glomerular blood pressure.

(D) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from distal convoluted tubule.

(E) Angiotensinogen is converted to Angiotensin I and then to Angiotensin II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

NEET 2023 Manipur
7

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A : Nephrons are of two types: Cortical & Juxta medullary, based on their relative position in cortex and medulla.

Reason R : Juxta medullary nephrons have short loop of Henle whereas, cortical nephrons have longer loop of Henle.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

NEET 2023
8

Match List I with List II.

List I List II
(A) Taenia (I) Nephridia
(B) Paramoecium (II) Contractile vacuole
(C) Periplaneta (III) Flame cells
(D) Pheretima (IV) Urecose gland

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

NEET 2023
9

Which of the following statements are correct?

A. An excessive loss of body fluid from the body switches off osmoreceptors.

B. ADH facilitates water reabsorption to prevent diuresis.

C. ANF causes vasodilation.

D. ADH causes increase in blood pressure.

E. ADH is responsible for decrease in GFR.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

NEET 2023
10

Select the correct statements.

(a) Angiotensin II activates the cortex of adrenal gland to release aldosterone.

(b) Aldosterone leads to increase in blood pressure.

(c) ANF acts as a check on renin-angiotensin mechanism.

(d) ADH causes vasodilation.

(e) Vasopressin is released from adenohypophysis.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

NEET 2022 Phase 2
11

Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellet or paste by :

NEET 2022 Phase 1
12
Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of Diabetes Mellitus?
NEET 2020 Phase 1
13
Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
NEET 2020 Phase 1
14
Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
NEET 2019
15
Use of an artificial kindney during hemodialysis may result in :

(a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
(b) Non –elimination of excess potassium ions
(c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
(d) Reduced RBC production

Which of the following options is the most appropriate?
NEET 2019
16
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.

Column I Column II
A. Glycosuria (i) Accumulation of uric
acid in joints
B. Gout (ii) Mass of crystallised
salts within the kidney
C. Renal calculi (iii) Inflammation in
glomeruli
D. Glomerular nephritis (iv) Presence of glucose in urine
NEET 2018
17
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.
Column I
(Function)
Column II
(Part of excretory system)
A. Ultrafiltration (i) Henle’s loop
B. Concentration of urine (ii) Ureter
C. Transport of urine (iii) Urinary bladder
D. Storage of urine (iv) Malpighian corpuscle
(v) Proximal convoluted tubule
NEET 2018
18
Which of the following statements is correct?
NEET 2017
19
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
NEET 2017
20
The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
NEET 2016 Phase 2
21
Human urine is usually acidic because
AIPMT 2015
22
Removal of proximal convoluated tubule from the nephron will result in
AIPMT 2015 Cancelled Paper
23
Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
AIPMT 2015 Cancelled Paper
24
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
AIPMT 2014
25
Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product.
NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
26
Which one of the following characteristics is common both in humans and adult frogs?
AIPMT 2012 Mains
27
Which one of the following options gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous waste they give out?
AIPMT 2012 Mains
28
A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
AIPMT 2012 Mains
29
The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 $$-$$ 80 percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
AIPMT 2012 Prelims
30
Uricotelic mode of excreting nitrogenous wastes is found in
AIPMT 2011 Mains
31
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?
AIPMT 2011 Prelims
32
Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
AIPMT 2011 Prelims
33
Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of the human nephron?
AIPMT 2011 Prelims
34
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
AIPMT 2010 Prelims
35
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
AIPMT 2010 Prelims
36
Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of
AIPMT 2009
37
What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?
AIPMT 2009
38
A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have
AIPMT 2007
39
Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by
AIPMT 2006
40
A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of
AIPMT 2005
41
In ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood?
AIPMT 2005
42
The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule is
AIPMT 2005
43
If Henle's loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which one of the following is to be expected?
AIPMT 2003
44
Conversion of ammonia to urea is done by
AIPMT 2000
45
Concentration of urine depends upon which organ?
AIPMT 2000
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