Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage

Hugo do Vries, who worked on evening primrose

Gregor Mendol, who worked on Pisum sativum

Hardy Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population

divergent evolution

Natural selection

Migration

Adaptive radiation

Convergent evolution $$ \to $$ Thorns of Bougainvillia and tendrils of cucurbita & Divergent evolution $$ \to $$ Eyes of Octopus and mammals

Convergent evolution $$ \to $$ Eyes of octopus & Divergent evolution $$ \to $$ Bones of forelimpbs of mammals and vertebrates

Convergent evolution $$ \to $$ Thorns of Bougainvillia and ten drils of cucurbita & Divergent evolution $$ \to $$ Wings of butterflies and birds

Convergent evolution $$ \to $$ Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates & Divergent evolution $$ \to $$ Wings of butterfly and birds

Uprigth posture

Increasing cranial capacity

Shortening of jaws

Binocular vision