Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Gause's competitive exclusion principle states that two closely related species competing for different resources cannot exist indefinitely.

Statement II: According to Gause's principle, during competition, the inferior will be eliminated. This may be true if resources are limiting.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Plants offer rewards to animals in the form of pollen and nectar and the animals facilitate the pollination process. This is an example of :

If there are 250 snails in a pond, and within a year their number increases to 2500 by reproduction. What should be their birth rate per snail per year ?