Poison fangs in snakes

Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in puffer fish

Colour change in chameleon

Melanism in moths

High fertility, low or rapidly falling mortality rate, rapid population growth and a very young age distribution

High mortality high density, uneven population growth and a very old age distribution

High fertility, high density, rapidly rising mortality rate and very young age distribution

High infant mortality, low fertility, uneven population growth and a very young age distribution

A dominant species that constitutes a large proportion of the biomass and which affects many other species

A species which makes up only a small proportion of the total biomass of a community, yet has a huge impact on the community's organization and survival

A common species that has plenty of biomass, yet has a fairly low impact on the community's organization

A rare species that has minimal impact on the biomass and on other species in the community

Exponential phase

Stationary phase

Senescent phase

Lag phase