Plasmid pBR322 has Pst I restriction enzyme site within gene amp^R that confers ampicillin resistance. If this enzyme is used for inserting a gene for $$\beta$$-galactoside production and the recombinant plasmid is inserted in an E.coli strain

During the process of gene amplification using PCR, if very high temperature is not maintained in the beginning, then which of the following steps of PCR will be affected first?

A specific recognition sequence identified by endonucleases to make cuts at specific positions within the DNA is :

In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of