The velocity profile in fully developed laminar flow in a pipe of diameter $$D$$ is given by $$u = {u_0}\left( {1 - 4{r^2}/{D^2}} \right),$$ where $$r$$ is the radial distance from the center. If the viscosity of the fluid is $$\mu ,$$ the pressure drop across a length $$L$$ of the pipe is

A siphon draws water from a reservoir and discharges it out at atmospheric pressure. Assuming ideal fluid and the reservoir is large, the velocity at point $$P$$ in the siphon tube is:

A smooth flat plate with a sharp leading edge is placed along a gas stream flowing at $$U = 10\,m/s.$$ The thickness of the boundary layer at section $$r$$- $$s$$ is $$10$$ $$mm,$$ the breadth of the plate is $$1$$ $$m$$ (into the paper) and the density of the gas, $$\rho = 1.0\,kg/{m^3}.$$ Assume that the boundary layer is thin, two-dimensional, and follows a linear velocity distribution, $$u = U\left( {y/\delta } \right),$$ at the section $$r$$-$$s$$, where $$y$$ is the height from plate.

The mass flow rate (in kg/s) across the section $$q$$-$$r$$ is

A smooth flat plate with a sharp leading edge is placed along a gas stream flowing at $$U = 10\,m/s.$$ The thickness of the boundary layer at section $$r$$- $$s$$ is $$10$$ $$mm,$$ the breadth of the plate is $$1$$ $$m$$ (into the paper) and the density of the gas, $$\rho = 1.0\,kg/{m^3}.$$ Assume that the boundary layer is thin, two-dimensional, and follows a linear velocity distribution, $$u = U\left( {y/\delta } \right),$$ at the section $$r$$-$$s$$, where $$y$$ is the height from plate.

The integrated drag force (in $$N$$) on the plate, between $$p$$-$$s$$, is