The ultimate collapse load $$(P)$$ in terms of plastic moment $${M_P}$$ by kinematic approach for a propped cantilever of length $$L$$ with $$P$$ acting at its mid-span as shown in the figure, would be

As per $$IS$$ $$800:2007$$ the cross-section in which the extreme fiber can reach the yield stress, but cannot develop the plastic moment of resistance due to failure by local buckling is classified as

In the theory of plastic bending of beams, the ratio of plastic moment to yield moment is called

The shape of the cross-section, which has the largest shape factor, is