The porosity (n) and the degree of saturation (S) of a soil sample are 0.7 and 40%, respectively. In a 100 $$m^3$$ volume of the soil, the volume (expressed in $$m^3$$) of air is _____.

A 588 $$cm^3$$ volume of moist sand weighs 1010 gm. Its dry weight is 918 gm and specific gravity of solids, G is 2.67. Assuming density of water as 1 gm/$$cm^3$$, the void ratio is __________.

The water content of a saturated soil and the specific gravity of soil solids were found to be 30% and 2.70, respectively. Assuming the unit weight of water to be 10 $$kN /m^3$$, the saturated unit weight ($$kN /m^3$$), and the void ratio of the soil are

For sand of uniform spherical particles, the void ratio in the loosest and the densest states are ________ and ________ respectively.