Two equal angles $$ISA$$ $$100\,\,mm \times 100\,\,mm$$ of thickness $$10$$ $$mm$$ are placed back-to-back and connected to the either side of a gusset plate through a single row of $$16$$ $$mm$$ diameter rivets in double shear. The effective areas of the connected and unconnected legs of each of these angles are $$775$$ $$m{m^2}$$ and $$950$$ $$m{m^2},$$ respectively. If these angles are NOT Tack riveted, the net effective area of this pair of angle is

A truss tie consisting of $$2$$ $$ISA$$ $$75 \times 75 \times 8\,\,mm$$ carries a pull of $$150$$ $$kN.$$ At ends the two angles are connected, one each on either side of a $$10$$ $$mm$$ thick gusset plate, by $$18$$ $$mm$$ diameter rivets arranged in one row. The allowable stresses in rivet are $${f_s} = 90.0\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ and $${f_{br}} = 250\,\,N/m{m^2}$$.

Minimum number of rivets required at each end is

A truss tie consisting of $$2$$ $$ISA$$ $$75 \times 75 \times 8\,\,mm$$ carries a pull of $$150$$ $$kN.$$ At ends the two angles are connected, one each on either side of a $$10$$ $$mm$$ thick gusset plate, by $$18$$ $$mm$$ diameter rivets arranged in one row. The allowable stresses in rivet are $${f_s} = 90.0\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ and $${f_{br}} = 250\,\,N/m{m^2}$$.

Maximum tensile stress in the tie in $$N/m{m^2}$$ is

$$ISA$$ $$100 \times 100 \times 10\,\,mm$$ (Cross sectional area $$ = 1903\,\,m{m^2})$$ serves as tensile member. This angle is welded to a gusset plate along $$A$$ and $$B$$ appropriately as shown. Assuming the yield strength of the steel to be $$260$$ $$N/m{m^2}$$ the tensile strength of the member can be taken to be approximately