A 100 mg of HNO₃ (strong acid) is added to water, bringing the final volume to 1.0 liter. Consider the atomic weights of H, N, and O, as 1 g/mol. 14 g mol. and 16 g/mol, respectively. The final pH of this water is (Ignore the dissociation of water.)

The total hardness in raw water is 500 milligram per liter as CaCO₃. The total hardness of this raw water, expressed in milligram equivalent per liter, is (Consider the atomic weights of Ca, C, and O as 40 g/mol, 12 g/mol, and 16 g/mol, respectively.)

In a water sample, the concentrations of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and HCO$$_3^ - $$ are 100 mg/L, 36 mg/L and 122 mg/L, respectively. The atomic masses of various elements are : Ca = 40, Mg = 24, H = 1, C = 12, O = 16. The total hardness and the temporary hardness in the water sample (in mg/L as CaCO₃) will be