A student has made a-$$3$$ bit binary down counter and connected to the $$R$$-$$2R$$ ladder type $$DAC$$ [Gain $$=$$ $$\left( { - 1k\Omega /2R} \right)$$ as shown in figure to generate a staircase waveform.

The output achieved is different as shown in figure. What could be the possible cause of this error?

A software delay subroutine is written as given below:

How many times $$DCR$$ $$L$$ instruction will be executed?

In the figure the current source is $$1\,\,\angle \,0\,A,$$ $$R = \,1\,\,\Omega ,$$ the impedances are $${Z_C} = - j\,\,\Omega ,$$ and $${Z_L} = 2\,j\,\,\Omega .$$ The Thevenin equivalent looking into the circuit across $$X-Y$$ is.

An ideal capacitor is charged to a voltage $${V_0}$$ and connected at $$t=0$$ across an ideal inductor $$L.$$ (The circuit now consists of a capacitor and inductor alone). If we let $${\omega _0} = 1/\sqrt {LC} ,$$ the voltage across the capacitor at time $$t>0$$ is given by