An array X of n distinct integers is interpreted as a complete binary tree. The index of the first element of the array is 0. The index of the parent of element X[i],i≠0 is?

Let T be a depth-first search tree in an undirected graph G. Vertices u and v are leaves of this tree T. The degrees of both u and v in G are at least 2. Which one of the following statements is true?

A scheme for storing binary trees in an array X is as follows. Indexing of X starts at 1 instead of 0. the root is stored at X[1]. For a node stored at X[i], the left child, if any, is stored in X[2i] and the right child, if any, in X[2i+1]. To be able to store any binary tree on n vertices the minimum size of X should be

Consider the depth-first-search of an undirected graph with 3 vertices P, Q, and R. Let discovery time d(u) represent the time instant when the vertex u is first visited, and finish time f(u) represent the time instant when the vertex u is last visited. Given that
d(P) = 5 units      f(P) = 12 units
d(Q) = 6 units      f(Q) = 10 units
d(R) = 14 unit      f(R) = 18 units
Which one of the following statements is TRUE about the graph