A particle, starting from origin at $$t=0$$ $$s,$$ is traveling along $$x$$-axis with velocity $$v = {\pi \over 2}\cos \left( {{\pi \over 2}t} \right)m/s$$
At $$t=3$$ $$s,$$ the difference between the distance covered by the particle and the magnitude of displacement from the origin is _________.

Let $$\,\,\nabla .\left( {fV} \right) = {x^2}y + {y^2}z + {z^2}x,\,\,$$ where $$f$$ and $$V$$ are scalar and vector fields respectively. If $$V=yi+zj+xk,$$ then $$\,V.\left( {\nabla f} \right)$$ is

Lifetime of an electric bulb is a random variable with density $$f\left( x \right) = k{x^2},$$ where $$x$$ is measured in years. If the minimum and maximum lifetimes of bulb are $$1$$ and $$2$$ years respectively, then the value of $$k$$ is ________.

The function $$f\left( x \right) = {e^x} - 1\,\,$$ is to be solved using Newton $$-$$ Raphson method. If the initial value of $${x_0}$$ is taken $$1.0,$$ then the absolute error observed at $${2^{nd}}$$ iteration is ___________.