In the pipe network shown in the figure, all pipes have the same cross-section and can be assumed to have the same friction factor. The pipes connecting points W, N, and S with point J have an equal length L. The pipe connecting points J and E has a length 10L. The pressures at the ends N, E, and S are equal. The flow rate in the pipe connecting W and J is Q. Assume that the fluid flow is steady, incompressible, and the pressure losses at the pipe entrance and junction are negligible. Consider the following statements:
I : The flow rate in pipe connecting J and E is Q/21.
II: The pressure difference between J and N is equal to the pressure difference between J and E.
$$ \text { Which one of the following options is CORRECT? } $$
Steady, compressible flow of air takes place through an adiabatic converging-diverging nozzle, as shown in the figure. For a particular value of pressure difference across the nozzle, a stationary normal shock wave forms in the diverging section of the nozzle. If $E$ and $F$ denote the flow conditions just upstream and downstream of the normal shock, respectively, which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE?
A liquid fills a horizontal capillary tube whose one end is dipped in a large pool of the liquid. Experiments show that the distance $L$ travelled by the liquid meniscus inside the capillary in time $t$ is given by
$L = k \gamma^a R^b \mu^c \sqrt{t},$
where $ \gamma $ is the surface tension, $ R $ is the inner radius of the capillary, and $ \mu $ is the dynamic viscosity of the liquid. If $ k $ is a dimensionless constant, then the exponent $ a $ is _______ (rounded off to 1 decimal place).
A plane, solid slab of thickness L, shown in the figure, has thermal conductivity k that varies with the spatial coordinate x as k = A + Bx, where A and B are positive constants (A > 0, B > 0). The slab walls are maintained at fixed temperatures of T(x = 0) = 0 and T(x = L) = T0 > 0. The slab has no internal heat sources. Considering one-dimensional heat transfer, which one of the following plots qualitatively depicts the steady-state temperature distribution within the slab?
