Consider the following two tables and four queries in SQL.

Book (isbn, bname), Stock (isbn, copies)

Query 1:

SELECT B.isbn, S.copies
 FROM Book B INNER JOIN Stock S
 ON B.isbn = S.isbn;

Query 2:

SELECT B.isbn, S.copies
 FROM Book B LEFT OUTER JOIN Stock S
 ON B.isbn = S.isbn;

Query 3:

SELECT B.isbn, S.copies
 FROM Book B RIGHT OUTER JOIN Stock S
 ON B.isbn = S.isbn;

Query 4:

SELECT B.isbn, S.copies
 FROM Book B FULL OUTER JOIN Stock S
 ON B.isbn = S.isbn;

Which one of the queries above is certain to have an output that is a superset of the outputs of the other three queries?

In an Entity-Relationship $$(ER)$$ model, suppose $$R$$ is a many-to-one relationship from entity set $$E1$$ to entity set $$E2.$$ Assume that $$E1$$ and $$E2$$ participate totally in $$R$$ and that the cardinality of $$E1$$ is greater than the cardinality of $$E2$$

Which one of the following is true about $$R$$?

Consider the sequential circuit shown in the figure, where both flip-flops used are positive edge-triggered $$D$$ flip-flops.

The number of states in the state transition diagram of this circuit that have a transition back to the same state on some value of “in” is _____.

Consider the unsigned $$8$$-bit fixed point binary number representation below $$${b_7}\,\,{b_6}\,\,{b_5}\,\,{b_4}\,\,{b_3}\,\,.\,\,{b_2}\,\,{b_1}\,\,{b_0}$$$
where the position of the binary point is between $${b_3}$$ and $${b_2}$$. Assume $${b_7}$$ is the most significant bit. Some of the decimal numbers listed below cannot be represented exactly in the above representation:
$$\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,$$ $$(i)$$ $$31.500$$ $$\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,$$ $$(ii)$$ $$0.875$$ $$\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,$$ $$(iii)$$ $$12.100$$ $$\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,$$ (iv) $$3.001$$

Which one of the following statements is true?