The voltage-arc length characteristics of a $$DC$$ arc is given by $$V=20+4L.$$ Where $$L$$ is in $$mm$$. During a welding operation arc length is expected to vary between $$4$$ and $$6$$ $$mm$$ with the welding current limited between $$450$$ and $$550$$amps.

If the power source has a linear characteristic, the open circuit voltage is.

In orthogonal machining operation, the chip thickness and the uncut chip thickness are equal to $$0.45mm$$. If the tool rake angle is $$0$$ deg. The shear plane angle is

A cylinder of $$155$$ $$mm$$ is to be reduced $$150$$ $$mm$$ diameter in one turning cut with a feed of $$0.15$$ $$mm$$/ revolution and a cutting speed of $$150$$ $$m/min$$ on a $$NC$$ lathe. What are the programmed spindle speeds programmed feed rate, and the material removal rate?

A flywheel of moment of inertia $$9.8$$ kg m² fluctuates by $$30$$ rpm for a fluctuation in energy of $$1936$$ Jouls. The mean speed of the flywheel is (in rpm)