Hot water flows with a velocity of $$0.1$$ $$m/s$$ in a $$100mm$$ long, $$0.1m$$ diameter pipe. Heat lost from the pipe outer wall is uniform and equal to $$420$$ $$W/{m^2}$$. If the inlet water temperature is $${80^ \circ }C,$$ calculate the water temp at the exit. Neglect effect of pipe wall thickness. $${C_p}$$ (water) $$=4.2$$ $$kJ/kg$$-$$K$$ and density of water $$=1000$$ $$kg/\,{m^3}.$$

A hot fluid at $${200^ \circ }C$$ enters a heat exchanger at a mass flow rate of $${10^4}\,\,kg/hr.$$ Its specific heat is $$2000$$ $$J/kg$$-$$K.$$ It is to be cooled by another fluid entering at $${25^ \circ }C$$ with a mass flow rate $$2500$$ $$kg/hr$$ and specific heat $$400$$ $$J/kg$$-$$K$$. The overall heat transfer coefficient based on outside area of $$20\,\,{m^2}$$ is $$250\,\,\,W/{m^2}K.$$ Find the exit temperature of the hot fluid when the fluids are in parallel flow.

Heat transfer coefficients for free convection in gasses, forced convection in gases and vapors, and for boiling water lie, respectively, in the range of

A gas filled tube has $$2$$ $$mm$$ inside diameter and $$25$$ $$cm$$ length. The gas is heated by an electrical wire of diameter $$50$$ microns ($$0.05$$ $$mm$$) located along the axis of the tube. Current and voltage drop across the heating element are $$0.5$$ amps and $$4$$ volts, respectively. If the measured wire and inside tube wall temperatures are $${175^ \circ }C$$ and $${150^ \circ }C$$ respectively, find the thermal conductivity of the gas filling the tube.