The figure show the per-phase representation of a phase-shifting transformer connected between buses $$1$$ and $$2,$$ where $$\alpha $$ is a complex number with non-zero real and imaginary parts.
For the given circuit, $${Y_{bus}}$$ and $${Z_{bus}}$$ are bus admittance matrix and bus impedance matrix, respectively, each of size $$2\, \times \,2$$. Which one of the following statements is true?

In a load flow problem solved by Newton-Raphson method with polar coordinates, the size of the Jacobian is $$\,100\,\, \times \,\,100.$$ If there are $$20$$ PV buses in addition to PQ buses and a slack bus, the total number of buses in the system is ________.

The output y(t) of the following system is to be sampled, so as to reconstruct it from its samples uniquely. The required minimum sampling rate is

The pole-zero plots of three discrete-time systems P, Q and R on the z-plane are shown below. Which one of the following is TRUE about the frequency selectivity of these systems?