Which one of the following is the most conservative fatigue failure criterion?

A horizontal plate has been joined to a vertical post using four rivets arranged as shown in the figure. The magnitude of the load on the worst loaded rivet (in N) is ___________.

The solidification time of a casting is proportional to $${\left( {{V \over A}} \right)^2},$$ Where $$V$$ is the volume of the casting and $$A$$ is the total casting surface area losing heat. Two cubes of same material and size are cast using sand casting process. The top face of one of the cubes is completely insulated. The ratio of the solidification time for the cube with top face insulated to that of the other cube is

Match the following products with preferred manufacturing process: