Holes of diameter $${25.0^{\matrix{ { + 0.040} \cr { + 0.020} \cr } }}\,\,mm$$ are assembled interchangeably with the pins of diameter $${25.0^{\matrix{ { + 0.005} \cr { + 0.008} \cr } }}\,\,mm.$$

The minimum clearance in the assembly will be

In the assembly shown below, the part dimensions are:
$$\eqalign{ & {L_1} = {22.0^{ \pm 0.01}}\,\,mm, \cr & {L_2} = {L_3} = {10.0^{ \pm 0.005}}\,\,mm, \cr} $$
Assuming the normal distributions of part dimensions, the dimension $${L_4}$$ in $$mm$$ for assembly condition would be,

A triangular facet in a $$CAD$$ model has vertices: $${P_1}\left( {0,0,0} \right);\,\,{P_2}\left( {1,1,0} \right)$$ and $$\,{P_3}\left( {1,1,1} \right).$$ The area of the facet is

Consider a steel (Young’s modulus $$E = 200$$ $$GP$$a) column hinged on both sides. Its height is $$1.0$$ $$m$$ and cross-section is $$10 mm$$ $$ \times $$ $$20 mm$$. The lowest Euler critical buckling load (in $$N$$) is __________ .