Which one among the following welding processes uses non-consumable electrode?

A single-point cutting tool with $${12^0}$$ rake angle is used to machine a steel work-piece. The depth of cut, $$i.e$$ uncut thickness is $$0.81$$ $$mm.$$ The chip thickness under orthogonal machining condition is $$1.8$$ $$mm.$$ The shear angle is approximately

A hole is dimension $$\phi {9^{\matrix{ { + 0.015} \cr { + 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \cr } }}\,mm.$$ The corresponding shaft is of dimension $$\phi {9^{\matrix{ { + 0.010} \cr { + 0.001} \cr } }}\,mm.$$ The resulting assembly has

The shear strength of a sheet metal is $$300MPa.$$ The blanking force required to produce a blank of $$100$$ $$mm$$ diameter from a $$1.54$$ $$mm$$ thick sheet is close to