A single-point cutting tool with $${12^0}$$ rake angle is used to machine a steel work-piece. The depth of cut, $$i.e$$ uncut thickness is $$0.81$$ $$mm.$$ The chip thickness under orthogonal machining condition is $$1.8$$ $$mm.$$ The shear angle is approximately

The shear strength of a sheet metal is $$300MPa.$$ The blanking force required to produce a blank of $$100$$ $$mm$$ diameter from a $$1.54$$ $$mm$$ thick sheet is close to

A hole is dimension $$\phi {9^{\matrix{ { + 0.015} \cr { + 0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \cr } }}\,mm.$$ The corresponding shaft is of dimension $$\phi {9^{\matrix{ { + 0.010} \cr { + 0.001} \cr } }}\,mm.$$ The resulting assembly has

A simply supported beam $$PQ$$ is loaded by a moment of $$1$$ $$kN-m$$ at the mid-span of the beam as shown in the figure. The reaction forces $${R_P}$$ and $${R_Q}$$ at supports $$P$$ and $$Q$$ respectively are